Maskiner har bidratt til økte lønninger og forsterket økonomien som helhet, ifølge en studie, men en annen tegner et dystert bilde for fremtiden.
Et av de viktigste spørsmålene om den kommende robotrevolusjonen, dreier seg om hvordan den vil påvirke hvordan vi gjør jobben vår – og om noen av oss vil ha jobb i det hele tatt. En fersk undersøkelse fra Storbritannia påstår at frykten for at roboter vil ende opp med å ta mange av våre arbeidsplasser har blitt overdrevet – og at maskiner faktisk har styrket arbeidernes lønninger og økonomien som helhet. Men et eget stykke forskning publisert i 2014 tegner et langt dystrere bilde, og hevder at mer enn en tredjedel av alle britiske arbeidsplasser har “høy risiko” for å bli erstattet av roboter i løpet av de neste to tiårene.
(Saken er hentet fra Sky News)
What has the effect been so far?
Two economics professors have studied the impact the machines have had on employment, and their findings painted a positive picture. Uppsala University’s Georg Graetz and Guy Michaels from the London School of Economics looked at productivity and employment in a variety of countries between 1993 and 2007 to see if the trepidation about the increased use of robots has been well founded.
The pair examined data on the use of robots provided by the International Federation of Robotics. They also studied economic performance indicators across 14 industries and 17 countries, including the United States, Australia, South Korea and many European nations.The professors found that “industrial robots increased both labour productivity and value added”. In the summary of their paper, they say that industrial robots raised nations’ average growth rates by 0.37 percentage points and increased pay.
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What about the future?
The key caveat in the report is the admission that as robots become more sophisticated their economic impact could change. Research carried out by Deloitte, the Oxford School and the University of Oxford suggests that as that happens many people could lose their jobs. A total of 35% of UK jobs are at risk of replacement within 20 years, dropping to 30% in London. The team behind the 2014 study also found that lower-paid roles are over five times more likely to be replaced than higher-paid jobs.
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Og se de kuleste robotene i verden her.
